Scientific Publications
Save the Elephants is a research organisation at heart, investigating elephant behaviour and population dynamics among other areas. Listed below are the publications that members of STE have authored.
Barnes, R.F.W., and Douglas-Hamilton, I.
The Numbers and Distribution Patterns of Large Mammals in the Ruaha- Rungwa Area of Southern Tanzania (1982)
Journal of Applied Ecology Vol. 19, No. 2 (Aug., 1982), pp. 411-425
Blake S., Deem S.L., Strindberg S., Maisels, F., Momont, L., Isia, I., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Karesh, W.B., Kock, M.D.,
Roadless Wilderness Area Determines Forest Elephant Movements in the Congo Basin (2008)
PLoS ONE 3(10): e3546. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0003546
Blake, S.
The Ecology of Forest Elephant Distribution and its Implications for Conservation (2002)
Ph.D. dissertation, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh
Blake, S., Bouché, P., Rasmussen, H., Orlando, A., and Douglas-Hamilton, I.
The Last Sahelian Elephants. Ranging Behavior, Population Status and Recent History of the Desert Elephants of Mali (2003)
Save The Elephants
Blake, S., Bouché, P., Rasmussen, H., Orlando, A., Douglas-Hamilton, I.
Les derniers éléphants du Sahel. Comportement migratoire, état de la population et histoire récente des éléphants du désert du Mali (2003)
Save The Elephants
Blake, S., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Karesh W.
GPS telemetry of forest elephants in Central Africa: results of a preliminary study (2001)
Afr. J. Ecol. 39(2), 178-186. doi.10.1046/j.1365-2028.2001.00296.x
Boettiger, A.N., Wittemyer, G., Starfield, R., Vollrath, F., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Getz, W.M.
Inferring ecological and behavioral drivers of African elephant movement using a linear filtering approach (2011)
Ecology 92:1648–1657. [doi:10.1890/10-0106.1]
Bohrer, G., Beck, P.S.A., Ngene, S.M., Skidmore, A.K., Douglas-Hamilton, I.
Elephant movement closely tracks precipitation-driven vegetation dynamics in a Kenyan forest-savanna landscape (2014)
Movement Ecology 2014, 2:2 doi:10.1186/2051-3933-2-2 The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at: http://www.movementecologyjournal.com/content/2/1/2
Bouché, P., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Wittemyer, G., Nianogo, A., Lejeune, P., Vermeulen, C.
Will Elephants Soon Disappear from West African Savannahs? (2011)
PLoS ONE 6(6):1932-6203
Burrill, A., and Douglas-Hamilton, I.
African elephant database project: Final Report - Phase One (1987)
WWF/GRID/UNEP
Canney, S., Lindsey, K., Hema, E., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Martin, V.
The Mali elephant initiative: synthesis of knowledge, research and recommendations about the population, its range and the threats to the elephants of the Gourma (2007)
Save the Elephants
Canney, S., Lindsey, K., Hema, E., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Martin, V.
Initiative pour les éléphants du Mali: une synthèse des connaissances et des recherches, des recommandations relatives au niveau de population, à la surface de l'habitat et aux menaces qui pèsent sur les éléphants de Gourma (2007)
Save the Elephants
Cerling, T.E., Barnettea, J.E., Chessona, L.A., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Gobush, K.S., Unog, K.T., Wasser, S.K., Xui, X.
Radiocarbon dating of seized ivory confirms rapid decline in African elephant populations and provides insight into illegal trade (2016)
www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1614938113
Cerling, T.E., Wittemyer G., Ehleringer J.R., Remien C.H., Douglas-Hamilton, I.
History of Animals using Isotope Records (HAIR): A 6-year dietary history of one family of African elephants (2009)
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.0902192106
Cerling, T.E., Wittemyer, G., Rasmussen, H.B., Vollrath, F., Cerling, C.E., Robinson, T., Douglas-Hamilton, I.
Stable isotopes in elephant hair document migration patterns and diet changes (2006)
PNAS January 10, 2006 vol. 103 no. 2 371–373
Chiyo, P. I., Grieneisen, L. E., Wittemyer, G., Moss, C.J., Lee, P. C., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Archie, E. A.
The influence of social structure, habitat, and host traits on the transmission of Escherichia coli in wild elephants (2014)
PLoS One e93408. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0093408
De Knegt, H.J. et al
The spatial scaling of habitat selection by African elephants (2010)
Journal of Animal Ecology. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2010.01764.x
de Silva, S., Wittemyer, G.
A Comparison of Social Organization in Asian Elephants and African Savannah Elephants (2012)
Int J Primatol. DOI 10.1007/s10764-011-9564-1
Didier, K.A., Cotterill, A., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Frank, L., Georgiadis, N.J., Graham, M., Ihwagi, F., King, J., Malleret-King, D., Rubenstein, D., Wilkie, D., Woodroffe, R.
Landscape-Scale Conservation Planning of the Ewaso Nyiro: A Model for Land Use Planning in Kenya. (2006)
Landuse Planning Workshop Report, Mpala
Didier, K.A., Wilkie, D., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Frank, L., Georgiadis, N., Graham, M., Ihwagi, F., King, A., Cotterill, A., Rubenstein, D., Woodroffe, R.
Conservation Planning on a Budget: a “Resource Light” Method for Mapping Priorities at a Landscape Scale. (2009)
Biodivers Conserv (2009) 18:1979–2000 DOI 10.1007/s10531-008-9568-0
Douglas-Hamilton, I.
'May he walk in peace’ - A tribute to PRINCE BERNHARD OF THE NETHERLANDS (1911 – 2004) (2004)
SWARA October – December 2004
Douglas-Hamilton, I.
Wilderness From an Elephant's Point of View (2004) Wilderness and Human Communities (2004)
Proceedings from the 7th World Wilderness Congress
Douglas-Hamilton, I.
Another look at the ivory trade (Viewpoint) (1984)
Africa Wildlife Foundation News
Douglas-Hamilton, I.
Ivory and Insecurity: The Global Implications of Poaching in Africa (2012)
Testimony before the Committee on Foreign Relations U.S. Senate. US Government Printing Office
Douglas-Hamilton, I.
'May he walk in peace’ - A tribute to PRINCE BERNHARD OF THE NETHERLANDS (1911 – 2004) (2004)
SWARA October – December 2004
Douglas-Hamilton, I. and Hillman, A.K.K.
ELEPHANT CARCASSES AND SKELETONS AS INDICATORS OF POPULATION TRENDS (1981)
World Wildlife Fund /International Union for the Conservation of Nature Elephant Survey and Conservation Programme
Douglas-Hamilton, I., Bhalla, S., Wittemyer, G., Vollrath, F.
Behavioural reactions of elephants towards a dying and deceased matriarch. (2006)
Applied Animal Behaviour ?doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2006.04.014
Douglas-Hamilton, I., Burill, A., Mackinnon, J.
Protected Areas as Refugees for Elephants (1986)
Gland, IUCN
Douglas-Hamilton, I., Burrill, A.
Using elephant carcass ratios to determine population trends (1991)
African Wildlife: Research and Management, pp. 98-105
Douglas-Hamilton, I., Wittemyer, G., and Ihwagi, F. on behalf of Save the Elephants
LEVELS OF ILLEGAL KILLING OF ELEPHANTS IN THE LAIKIPIA-SAMBURU MIKE SITE (2010)
CITES CoP15 Inf. 40 (Rev. 1)
Durant et al
Developing fencing policies for dryland ecosystems (2015)
Journal of Applied Ecology 2015 doi: 10.1111/1365-2664.12415
Ganswindt, A., Muenscher, S., Henley, M., Henley, S., Heistermann, M., Palme, R., Thompson, P., Bertschinger, H.
Endocrine correlates of musth and the impact of ecological and social factors in free-ranging African elephants (Loxodonta africana) (2010)
Hormones and Behavior, Volume 57, Issues 4-5, April 2010, Pages 506-514. doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2010.02.009
Ganswindt, A., Münscher, S., Henley, M., Palme, R., Thompson, P., Bertschinger, H.
Concentrations of faecal glucocorticoid metabolites in physically injured free-ranging African elephants Loxodonta africana (2010)
Wildlife Biology 16(3):323-332. doi: 10.2981/09-081
Ganswindt, A., Rasmussen, H., Heistermanna, M., Hodges, K.
The sexually active states of free-ranging male African elephants (2005)
Hormones and Behavior 47 (2005) 83– 91, Elsevier Inc.
Georgiadis, N.J., Ihwagi, F., Olwero, J.G.N., Roman, S.R.
Savanna herbivore dynamics in a livestock-dominated landscape (2007)
Elsevier
Gessner, J., Buchwald, R., Wittemyer, G.
Assessing species occurrence and species-specific use patterns of bais (forest clearings) in Central Africa with camera traps (2014)
African Journal of Ecology 52:59-68. DOI: 10.1111/aje.12084
Goldenberg, S.Z., de Silva, S., Rasmussen, H.B., Douglas-Hamilton, I., and Wittemyer, G
Controlling for behavioural state reveals social dynamics among male African elephants, Loxodonta africana (2014)
Animal Behaviour 95 (2014) 111-119
Goldenberg, S.Z., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Wittemyer, G
Vertical Transmission of Social Roles Drives Resilience to Poaching in Elephant Networks (2015)
Current Biology 26 (2016) pp. 75-79. Elsevier. DOI 10.1016/j.cub.2015.11.005
Graham, M.
Coexistence in a land use mosaic. Land use, risk and elephant ecology in Laikipia District, Kenya (2006)
University of Cambridge for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy
Graham, M.D., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Adams, W.M., Lee, P. C.
The movement of African elephants in a human-dominated land-use mosaic (2009)
Animal Conservation 12 (2009) 445–455. doi:10.1111/j.1469-1795.2009.00272.x
Graham, M.D., Gichohi, N., Kamau, F. Aike, G., Craig, B., Douglas-Hamilton, I. and Adams, W.
The Use of Electrified Fences to Reduce Human Elephant Conflict: A Case Study of the Ol Pejeta Conservancy, Working Paper 1 (2009)
Laikipia Elephant Project, Nanyuki, Kenya
Greyling, M.
Sex and age-related distinctions in the feeding ecology of the African Elephant, Loxodonta africana (2004)
PhD thesis University of theWitwatersrand, Johannesburg
Greyling, M.D., Ford, M., Potgieter, H. C., van Aarde, R.J.
Influence of Gestation on Uterine Endometrial Steroid Receptor Concentrations in the African Elephant, Loxodonta africana' (1998)
Biology of Reproduction 58, 60-64
Greyling, M.D., McCay, M., Douglas-Hamilton, I.
Green Hunting as an Alternative to Lethal Hunting (2004)
Save the Elephants
Greyling, M.D., van Aarde, R.J., Potgieter, H. C.
Ligand specificity of uterine oestrogen and progesterone receptors in the subadult African elephant, Loxodonta africana (1997)
Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 1997. 109. 199-204
Ihwagi et al.
Using Poaching Levels and Elephant Distribution to Assess the Conservation Efficacy of Private, Communal and Government Land in Northern Kenya (2015)
PLoS ONE 10(9): e0139079. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0139079
Ihwagi, F.W.
Forage Quality And Bark Utilisation By The African Elephant (Loxodonta africana) In Samburu And Buffalo Springs National Reserves, Kenya (2007)
M.Sc. Thesis, University of Nairobi
Ihwagi, F.W., and Douglas-Hamilton, I.
A Report on the Samburu October 2005 Aerial Total Count (2005)
Save the Elephants
Ihwagi, F.W., Vollrath, F., Chira, R.M., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Kironchi, G.
The impact of elephants, Loxodonta africana, on woody vegetation through selective debarking in Samburu and Buffalo Springs National Reserves, Kenya (2009)
Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Afr. J. Ecol. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2028.2009.01089.x
Kahindi, O.
Cultural perceptions of elephants by the Samburu people in northern Kenya (2001)
M.Sc. Thesis. Strathclyde University, Scotland
Kahindi, O., Wittemyer, G., King, J., Ihwagi, F., Omondi, P., Douglas-Hamilton, I.
Employing participatory surveys to monitor the illegal killing of elephants across diverse land uses in Laikipia–Samburu, Kenya (2009)
Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Afr. J. Ecol. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2028.2009.01200.x
Kahumbu, P. G., Douglas-Hamilton, I.
Elephant movements, home ranges and diurnal activity (2002)
Chapter in A Dissertation presented to the Faculty of Princeton University
Kantai, R
Tracing Community Conservation Evolution, Power Relations and Sustainability in Northern Kenya (2012)
MSc. Thesis, University of Oxford
King L.E., Lawrence, A., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Vollrath, F.
Beehive fence deters crop-raiding elephants (2009)
Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Afr. J. Ecol., 47, 131–137
King, L.E.
The interaction between the African elephant (Loxodonta africana africana) and the African honey bee (Apis mellifera scutellata) and its potential application as an elephant deterrent (2010)
A thesis submitted to the University of Oxford for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Zoology, Balliol College
King, L.E.
Bees help Protect Crops From Damage by Elephants in Kenya (2009)
Bee Craft. September 2009. P9-11
King, L.E.
Could honey bees be effective deterrents for Asia’s crop-raiding elephants? (2013)
Sanctuary Asia, October 2013
King, L.E., Douglas-Hamilton, I., and Vollrath, F.
African elephants run from the sound of disturbed bees (2007)
Current Biology Vol 17 No 19. R832
King, L.E., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Vollrath, F.
Beehive fences as effective deterrents for crop-raiding elephants: field trials in nothern Kenya (2011)
African Journal of Ecology. doi: 10.1111/j.1 365-2028.2011.01275.x
King, L.E., Lala, F., Nzumu, H., Mwambingu, E., and Iain Douglas-Hamilton, I.
Beehive fences as a multidimensional conflict-mitigation tool for farmers coexisting with elephants. (2017)
Conservation Biology, Volume 00, No. 0, 1–10 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.12898
King, L.E., Soltis, J., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Savage, A., Vollrath, F.
Bee Threat Elicits Alarm Call in African Elephants (2010)
PLoS ONE 1 April 2010 | Volume 5 | Issue 4 | e10346
Kuriyan, R.
Linking local perceptions of elephants and conservation: Samburu pastoralists in Northern Kenya (2002)
Society and Natural Resources, 15: 949-957
Litoroh, M., Ihwagi, F.I., Mayienda, R., Bernard,J., and Douglas-Hamilton, I.
Total Aerial Count of Elephants in Laikipia-Samburu Ecosystem in November 2008 (2010)
Kenya Wildlife Service
Maisels, F. et al
Devastating Decline of Forest Elephants in Central Africa (2013)
PLOS ONE 10.1371/journal.pone.0059469
Marshal, J.P., Azhar Rajah, A., Parrini, F., Henley, M., Henley, S.R., Erasmus, B.F.N.
Scale-dependent selection of greenness by African elephants in the Kruger-private reserve transboundary region, South Africa (2010)
European Journal of Wildlife Research DOI: 10.1007/s10344-010-0462-1
Martin, E., Stiles, D.
The Ivory Markets in the USA (2008) Save the Elephants & Care for the Wild (2008)
Save the Elephants & Care for the Wild
Martin, E., Vigne, L.
Hong Kong's Ivory - More items for sale than in any other city in the world (2015)
Save The Elephants
Michelmore, F., Beardsley, K., Barnes, R., Douglas-Hamilton, I.
A model illustrating the changes in forest elephant numbers caused by poaching (1994)
African Journal of Ecology
Ngene, S., Njumbi, S., Nzisa, M., Kimitei, K., Mukeka, J., Muya, S., Ihwagi, F., Omondi, P.
Status and trends of the elephant population in the Tsavo–Mkomazi ecosystem (2013)
Pachyderm No. 53 January–June 2013
Ogola, P.
Demographic Status of the Meru Elephant Population (2003)
Final Report to the Elephant Research Fund/KWS and Save the Elephants
Okello, J.B.A., Masembe, C., Rasmussen, H.B., Wittemyer, G., Omondi, P., Kahindi, O., Muwanika, V.B., Arctander, P., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Nyakaana, S., Siegismund, H.R.
Population Genetic Structure of Savannah Elephants in Kenya: Conservation and Management Implications (2008)
Journal of Heredity 2005:96(6):679–687
Okello, J.B.A., Wittemyer, G., Rasmussen, H.B., Arctander, P., Nyakaana, S., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Siegismund, H.R.
Effective population size dynamics reveal impacts of historic climatic events and recent anthropogenic pressure in African elephants (2008)
Molecular Ecology
Okello, J.B.A., Wittemyer, G., Rasmussen, H.B., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Nyakaana, S., Arctander, P.S.
Noninvasive Genotyping and Mendelian Analysis of Microsatellites in African Savannah Elephants (2005)
Journal of Heredity 2005:96(6)
Okita-Ouma, B., Lala, F., Moller, R., Koskei, M., Kiambi, S., Daballen, D., Leadismo, C., Mijele, D., Poghon, J., King, L., Pope, F., Wittemyer, G., Wall, J., Goss, S., Obrien, R., Douglas-Hamilton, I.
Preliminary indications of the effect of infrastructure development on ecosystem connectivity in Tsavo National Parks, Kenya (2016)
Pachyderm No. 57 July 2015–June 2016
Okita-Ouma B., Lala F., Koskei M., Mwazo A., Kibara D., King L., Kanga E. & Douglas-Hamilton I.
Movements of satellite-linked collared elephants and other wildlife in relation to the Standard Gauge Railway (SGR) and highways in Tsavo ecosystem, Kenya (2016)
Save The Elephants and Kenya Wildlife Service, Nairobi.
Olindo, P.M., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Hamilton, P.
The 1988 Tsavo Elephant Count Extracts (1988)
Kenya Wildlife Conservation and Management Department
Olindo, P.M., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Hamilton, P.
The 1988 Tsavo Elephant Count (1988)
Kenya Wildlife Conservation and Management Department
Omondi P., Bitok E., Kahindi O., Mayienda, R.
Total Aerial Count of Elephants in Samburu-Laikipia EcoSystem: June 2002 (2002)
Kenya Wildlife Service
Polansky, L., and Wittemyer, G.
A framework for understanding the architecture of collective movements using pairwise analyses of animal movement data (2010)
Journal of Royal Society Interface. doi:10.1098/rsif.2010.0389
Polansky, L., Douglas-Hamilton, I., and Wittemyer, G.
Using diel movement behavior to infer foraging strategies related to ecological and social factors in elephants (2013)
Movement Ecology 2013, 1:13 doi:10.1186/2051-3933-1-13
Polansky, L., Wittemyer, G., Cross, P.C., Tambling, C.J., Getz, W.M.
From moonlight to movement and synchronized randomness: Fourier and wavelet analyses of animal location time series data (2010)
Ecology, 91(5), 2010, pp. 1506–1518
Raizman, E.A., Rasmussen, H.B., King, L.E., Ihwagi, F.W., Douglas-Hamilton, I.
Feasibility study on the spatial and temporal movement of Samburu's cattle and wildlife in Kenya using GPS radio-tracking, remote sensing and GIS (2013)
PREVET (2013) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2013.04.007
Rasmussen, H.B.
Mating strategies in the Male African Elephant, Loxodonta africana (2001)
Masters thesis, Aarhus Univeristy, Denmark
Rasmussen, H.B., Ganswindt, A., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Vollrath, F.
Endocrine and behavioral changes in male African elephants: Linking hormone changes to sexual state and reproductive tactics (2008)
Elsevier. Hormones and Behavior
Rasmussen, H.B., Kahindi O., Vollrath, F., Douglas-Hamilton, I.
Estimating elephant densities from wells and droppings in dried out riverbeds (2005)
African Journal of Ecology , Vol. 43 Issue 4 Page 312 December 2005
Rasmussen, H.B., Okello,J.B.A., Wittemyer, G., Siegismund,H.R., Arctander,P., Vollrath,F., and Douglas-Hamilton, I.
Age - and tactic-related paternity success in male African elephants (2007)
Rasmussen, H.B., Okello,J.B.A., Wittemyer, G., Siegismund,H.R., Arctander,P., Vollrath,F., and Douglas-Hamilton, I. ?Age- and tactic-related paternity success in male African elephants (2007) ?Behavioral Ecology
Rasmussen, H.B., Wittemyer, G., Douglas-Hamilton, I.
Predicting time-specific changes in demographic processes using remote-sensing data (2006)
Journal of Applied Ecology (2006) 43, 366–376
Rasmussen, H.B., Wittemyer, G., Douglas-Hamilton, I.
Estimating age of immobilized elephants from teeth impressions using dental silicon (2005)
African Journal of Ecology 43:215-219
Rasmussen, L.E.L., Wittemyer, G.
Chemosignaling of musth by individual wild African elephants, (Loxodonta africana): implications for conservation and management (2002)
Proceedings of the Royal Society: Biological Sciences 269:853-860
Roth, H.H., & Douglas-Hamilton, I.
Distribution and status of elephants in West Africa (1991)
Mammalia Vol 55 Issue 4 p489-527;table;figs;photos;maps;refs.
Sarah McPherson, BBC Magazine
Fighting for Elephants (2015)
BBC Wildlife Magazine, January 2015 pp42-48
Save the Elephants
The effect of the new standard gauge railway (SGR) on elephant movements in Tsavo Ecosystem, Kenya (March 2016 – March 2018) (2018)
Save the Elephants - The WILD Foundation - The Environment and Development Group
Initial Measures for Conservation of the Gourma Elephants, Mali (2004)
Save the Elephants - The WILD Foundation - The Environment and Development Group ?Initial Measures for Conservation of the Gourma Elephants, Mali (2004) ?Save the Elephants-Interim Summary Progress Report
Save the Elephants - The WILD Foundation - The Environment and Development Group
Mesures initiales pour la conservation des éléphants du Gourma, Mali (2004)
Save the Elephants-Rapport d’activité sommaire intérimaire
Save the Elephants and ElephantVoices
Mara ecosystem connectivity Information on elephant population status and movements for spatial planning and conservation in Narok County (2015)
Save the Elephants and ElephantVoices
Sienne, J. M., Buchwald, R., Wittemyer, G.
Differentiation in mineral constituents in elephant selected versus unselected water and soil resources at Central African bais (forest clearings) (2014)
European Journal of Wildlife Research (2014) 60:377–382 DOI: 10.1007/s10344-013-0781-0
Soltis, J., King, L., Vollrath, F., Douglas-Hamilton, I.
Accelerometers and simple algorithms identify activity budgets and body orientation in African elephants Loxodonta africana (2016)
Endang Species Res 31: 1–12, 2016
Soltis, J., Wilson, R.P., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Vollrath, F., King, L.E., Savage, A.
Accelerometers in collars identify behavioral states in captive African elephants Loxodonta africana (2012)
Endang Species Res 18:255-263. doi: 10.3354/esr00452
Thouless, C., King, J., Omondi, P., Kahumbu, P., Douglas-Hamilton, I.
The status of Kenya’s elephants 1990–2002 (2002)
Kenya Wildlife Service
Turkalo, A. K., Wrege, P. H., Wittemyer, G.
Slow intrinsic growth rate in forest elephants indicates recovery from poaching will require decades (2016)
Journal of Applied Ecology © 2016 British Ecological Society
Turkalo, A.K., Wrege, P., and Wittemyer, G.
Long-Term Monitoring of Dzanga Bai Forest Elephants: Forest Clearing Use Patterns (2013)
PLoS One 8(12):e85154 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085154
Uno, K.T., Quade, J., Fisher, D.C., Wittemyer, G., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Andanje, S., Omondi, P., Litoroh, M., Cerling, T.E.
Bomb-curve radiocarbon measurement of recent biologic tissues and applications to wildlife forensics and stable isotope (paleo) ecology (2013)
PNAS 2013 ; published ahead of print July 1, 2013, doi:10.1073/pnas.1302226110
Vigne, L., & Martin, E.
VIETNAM’S ILLEGAL IVORY TRADE THREATENS AFRICA’S ELEPHANTS (2016)
Save the Elephants
Vigne, L., and Martin, E.
DECLINE IN THE LEGAL IVORY TRADE IN CHINA IN ANTICIPATION OF A BAN (2017)
Save The Elephants
Vigne, L., and Martin, E.
China faces a conservation challenge. The Expanding Elephant and Mammoth Ivory Trade in Beijing and Shanghai (2014)
Save the Elephants & Aspinall Foundation
Vollrath, F., Douglas-Hamilton, I.
African bees to control African elephants (2002)
Naturwissenschaften 89, 508-511
Wall, J., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Vollrath, F.
Elephants Avoid Costly Mountaineering (2006)
Current Biology July 2006 Vol. 16, Issue 14. R527-9
Wall, J., Wittemyer, G., Klinkenberg, B., Douglas-Hamilton, I.
Novel opportunities for wildlife conservation and research with real-time monitoring (2014)
Ecological Applications Volume 24, Issue 4 (June 2014) pp. 593-601 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/13-1971.1
Wall, J., Wittemyer, G., Klinkenberg, B., LeMay, V., and Douglas-Hamilton, I.
Characterizing Properties and Drivers of Long Distance Movements by Elephants (Loxodonta africana) in the Gourma, Mali (2013)
Biological Conservation 157: 60-68. Online 2012. doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2012.07.019
Wall, J., Wittemyer, G., LeMay, V., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Klinkenberg, B.
Elliptical Time-Density model to estimate wildlife utilization distributions (2014)
Methods in Ecology and Evolution http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/2041-210X.12218/abstract
Wittemyer, G.
The Socio-Ecology of the African Elephant (Loxodonta africana) (2005)
PhD dissertation. GRADUATE DIVISION of the UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY
Wittemyer, G.
Effects of Economic Downturns on Mortality of Wild African Elephants. (2011)
Conservation Biology. doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2011.01713.x
Wittemyer, G.
Stemming Wildlife Poaching (2014)
Testimony for the Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on Africa and Global Health Policy. US Government Printing Office
Wittemyer, G.
The Socio-Ecology of the African Elephant (Loxodonta africana) (2005)
A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Environmental Science, Policy and Management in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley
Wittemyer, G.
The elephant population of the Samburu and Buffalo Springs National Reserves, Kenya. (2001)
Afr. J. Ecol. 39, 357-365
Wittemyer, G., Cerling, T.E., Douglas-Hamilton, I.
Establishing chronologies from isotopic profiles in serially collected animal tissues: An example using tail hairs from African elephants (2009)
Chemical Geology 267 (2009) 3–11
Wittemyer, G., Daballen, D., Douglas-Hamilton, I.
Rising ivory prices threaten elephants ((2011) )
Nature 476, 282-283 (18 August 2011). doi:10.1038/476282c
Wittemyer, G., Daballen, D., Douglas-Hamilton, I.
Comparative Demography of an At-Risk African Elephant Population (2013)
PLoS ONE 8(1): e53726. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0053726
Wittemyer, G., Daballen, D., Rasmussen, H., Kahindi O., Douglas-Hamilton, I.
Demographic status of elephants in the Samburu and Buffalo Springs National Reserves, Kenya (2005)
African Journal of Ecology, Afr. J. Ecol., 43, 44–47
Wittemyer, G., Douglas-Hamilton, I. & Getz, W.
The socioecology of elephants: analysis of the processes creating multitiered social structures (2005)
Animal Behaviour 69, 1357-1371. 2005
Wittemyer, G., Ganswindt, A., Hodges, K.
The impact of ecological variability on the reproductive endocrinology of wild female African elephants (2007)
Elsevier. Hormones and Behavior 51 (2007) 346–354
Wittemyer, G., Getz, W. M.
Hierarchical dominance structure and social organization in African elephants, Loxodonta africana (2007)
Elsevier. The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour
Wittemyer, G., Getz, W.M.
A likely ranking interpolation for resolving dominance orders in systems with unknown relationships (2006)
Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, 2006. Behaviour 143, 909-930
Wittemyer, G., Northrup, J.M., Blanc, J., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Omondi, P., Burnham, K.P.
Illegal killing for ivory drives global decline in African elephants (2014)
www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1403984111
Wittemyer, G., Okello, J.B.A., Rasmussen, H.B., Arctander, P., Nyakaana, S., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Siegismund, H.
Where sociality and relatedness diverge: the genetic basis for hierarchical social structure in African elephants (2009)
Proceedings of the Royal Society: Biological Sciences doi: 10.1098/rspb.2009.0941
Wittemyer, G., Polansky, L., Douglas-Hamilton, I., Getz, W.M.
Disentangling the effects of forage, social rank and risk on movement autocorrelation of elephants using Fourier and wavelet analysis (2008)
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105:19108-19113
Wittemyer, G., Rasmussen, H.B., Douglas-Hamilton, I
Breeding phenology in relation to NDVI variability in free-ranging African elephant (2007)
Ecography 30: 42-50, 2007
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